Kev soj ntsuam ntawm peb theem inverter txuas.
Peb theem inverter kev twb kev txuas nrog ib tug nruab nrab kev twb kev txuas piv txwv li, peb theem plaub hlau inverter yog npaj. UPS system yog pub los ntawm peb theem plaub hlau inverter thiab lub load nruab nrab point voltage yog tsawg kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm lub system. Plaub ceg inverters zoo muab qhov nruab nrab kev sib txuas hauv peb theem plaub hlau system. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov los daws qhov nruab nrab tam sim no los ntawm qhov tsis sib npaug thiab tsis yog-linear load. Lub unbalanced load yuav tsis-linear qhov twg qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov loads yog siv tau. Plaub ceg inverter ua rau peb qhov tso zis voltages ntawm nws tus kheej nrog ib ceg ntxiv. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm peb theem inverter nrog ib tug ntxiv nruab nrab ceg yog nws muaj peev xwm los daws nrog load unbalance nyob rau hauv ib tug system. Lub hom phiaj ntawm peb theem plaub ceg inverter yog kom tswj tau qhov xav tau sinusoidal tso zis voltage waveform rau tag nrho cov loading tej yam kev mob thiab transients. Qhov kev sib txuas nruab nrab yog tam sim no los tswj cov av tam sim no vim tsis muaj qhov sib npaug. Qhov ua tau ntawm cov txheej txheem kev hloov kho tau raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm Matlab / Simulink.
Ib txoj hauv kev tshiab los hloov kho qhov kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob ncaj qha (DPC) rau cov ntawv thov hluav taws xob siab, qhov twg qhov kev txiav txim thib peb LCL lim tau nquag. LCL lim tuaj yeem ua rau muaj zog resonance thiab yuav tsum tau siv zog ntxiv rau kev tswj hwm. Daim ntawv thov ntawm DPC rau kev tswj ntawm peb theem inverter kev twb kev txuas voltage qhov chaw inverter uas txuas nrog rau kab sib chaws los ntawm cov lim tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab. Kev soj ntsuam ntawm peb theem inverter txuas.Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov tswv yim damping nquag, ua ke nrog kev sib haum xeeb tsis lees paub tswj lub voj, rau cov qauv DPC tau npaj thiab tshuaj xyuas hauv daim ntawv no. Lub hauv paus ruaj khov, nrog rau qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kev thov, raug txheeb xyuas nrog cov txiaj ntsig simulation thiab kev sim ntsuas.
Direct tam sim no-chaw-vector tswj ntawm lub zog lim dej (APF) raws li peb theem inverter txuas. Txoj kev npaj ua tsis ncaj ua rau cov nyiaj them tam sim no siv los ntawm kev siv qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus siv APF's dc-link voltage tswj. Lub tswv yim tswj tuaj yeem xaiv xaiv cov khoom sib haum xeeb tam sim no los ntawm lub sijhawm ceev Fourier hloov pauv los tsim cov nyiaj them tam sim no. Cov nyiaj them tam sim no yog sawv cev nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib koom ua ke nrog cov kev xaiv hloov pauv los ntawm lub rooj hloov pauv tau siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm qhov rooj array. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb-theem plaub-xaim APF raws li peb-theem nruab nrab-point-clamped inverter kuj tau nthuav tawm. Lub tswv yim APF tshem tawm cov kev sib haum xeeb hauv tag nrho peb theem nrog rau qhov nruab nrab tam sim no. Peb-theem peb-xaim NPC inverter yuav siv tau raws li peb-theem plaub-xaim system txij li qhov sib cais dc capacitors muab kev sib txuas nruab nrab.
Kev nce ntxiv ntawm ib-theem faib tshuab hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom tsis sib npaug hauv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau tsis sib npaug ntawm peb theem voltages, ua rau muaj kev poob thiab cua sov. Cov neeg ua haujlwm sib faib khoom sib faib (DNOs) tau nce zuj zus los tswj xyuas lub zog kom zoo. Txhawm rau txo qhov tsis sib xws DNOs tab tom nrhiav kev txuas DG loj dua rau peb theem es tsis txhob muaj kev sib txuas ib-theem. Peb theem inverter kev twb kev txuas tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm peb theem inverter kev twb kev txuas lossis los ntawm peb theem inverter. Txhua inverter topology tuaj yeem siv nrog cov tswv yim tswj sib txawv. Kev tswj tau tuaj yeem nruab nrog lub zog ua haujlwm lim dej uas tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog zoo. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, cov nyhuv ntawm kev sib txuas DG units los ntawm txoj kev ntawm peb theem inverter kev twb kev txuas ntawm ib-theem kev twb kev txuas ntawm voltage unbalance yog kawm.
Kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv asymmetrical cascaded configurations pab tshem tawm cov qib tso zis ntau ntxiv thiab ua kom cov lej sib txawv tsim los ntawm inverter. Ib tug tshiab configuration ntawm peb theem inverter kev twb kev txuas asymmetrical cascaded voltage qhov inverter yog nthuav. Cov qauv no muaj cov kab txuas txuas nrog sub-multilevel inverters blocks. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov keyboards siv, insulated rooj tsav tsheb circuits, voltage sawv ntawm keyboards, installation cheeb tsam thiab tus nqi raug txo qis. Cascaded-cell DC voltages nyob rau hauv txhua lub inverter ceg tsim ib tug zauv sib lawv liag sib txawv ntawm E. Nrog rau cov xaiv inverter DC qhov chaw, high-frequency mem tes-width modulation (PWM) tswj txoj kev yuav siv tau zoo yam tsis poob ntawm modularity. Tsawg zaus thiab sinusoidal PWM cov txheej txheem tau ua tiav. Yog li ntawd, siab yooj nyob rau hauv lub modulation ntawm lub tswv yim inverter yog qhia.
Ib qho me me thiab muaj kev vibration-pov thawj inverter muaj peev xwm ntawm kev kuaj xyuas cov theem tam sim no yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev txhim kho ntawm kev tswj cov software nyuaj thiab tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tam sim no. Shunt resistors ua ib hom kev ntsuas tam sim no tau muab, ntsig txog, ntawm sab caj npab hloov pauv hauv ob theem nkaus xwb - thiab sab qis ntawm DC fais fab mov.Kev soj ntsuam ntawm peb theem inverter txuas. Lub sijhawm ON zoo ib yam raug txo los ntawm ON lub sijhawm ntawm sab caj npab hloov pauv hauv lub voj voog nqa khoom tag nrho rau peb theem. Yog li ntawd, theem tam sim no raug kuaj pom rau ob theem muab nrog cov shunt resistors. Lub inverter tuaj yeem ntes cov theem tam sim no yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tswj software thiab tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tam sim no, los ntawm kev tswj cov inverter Circuit Court nrog tswj software incorporated hauv kev tswj Circuit Court los ntawm kev sib txuas kab.
Fais fab converters nyob rau hauv daim phiaj kev sib txuas daim ntawv thov feem ntau siv Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulation (SPWM) cov txheej txheem. Passive lim yog ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav attenuate lub generated switching tam sim no ripples thiab txo resonances ntawm daim phiaj thiab lub inverter. Thawj-kev txiav txim, qhov thib ob-kev txiav txim, thiab peb theem inverter kev twb kev txuas yog cov lim zoo rau daim phiaj txuas nrog Voltage Source Inverters. Xyaum, vim qhov system loj, qhov hnyav, thiab tus nqi yuav tsum tau ua, LCL lim yog feem ntau siv ntawm lwm tus rau kev koom ua ke ntawm peb theem VSI rau hauv daim phiaj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm LCL lim yog li, nws qhia txog cov teeb meem kev tswj xyuas. Ntau cov tswv yim tswj xyuas xws li rov ua dua, kev kwv yees, kev tswj ntau lub voj voog, thiab kev tswj hwm hysteresis tau raug npaj los txhawm rau txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm daim phiaj-txuas VSIs.
Peb theem ob hom inverter system tau tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, nws cov tswv yim yog roj teeb bank system nrog PV tiam. Cov kab ke no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv hom stand-alone los ntawm kev sib txuas rau hauv zos load thiab kuj nyob rau hauv daim phiaj-txuas hom los ntawm paralleling nrog kab sib chaws. Thaum nyob rau hauv hom stand-alone, system ua hauj lwm raws li qhov voltage, thaum nyob rau hauv daim phiaj-txuas hom, cov zis tam sim no ntawm inverter yog tswj raws li nrog daim phiaj. Ib qho kev hloov pauv algorithm kom txwv tsis pub muaj kev cuam tshuam tam sim no thiab kev tshawb nrhiav nrawm ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab kab sib chaws kom paub tseeb tias qhov kev hloov pauv tsis sib haum ntawm kab sib txuas thiab nyob ib leeg. Qhov no inverter system muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv yooj yim thiab yooj yim rau kev siv, kom nws tsim nyog rau micro-grid.
Lub tswv yim ua haujlwm yog tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los txo cov teeb meem hluav taws xob zoo. Vim muaj kev siv hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv ntawm cov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob rau kev ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov teeb meem hluav taws xob zoo dhau los ua qhov kev tshawb fawb kub nyob rau yav dhau los. Raws li lub zog theem nce, theem voltage yog nce raws li tau txais kev txaus siab efficiency. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob nrawm nrawm xws li Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) tau nce. Tseem, yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hloov pauv. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no ntawm daim ntawv thov, lub multilevel fais fab mov converter tau qhia loj hlob muaj koob meej. Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm multilevel converter topologies yog qhov tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam cov zis waveforms thiab txwv tsis pub muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv hloov pauv thiab yog li txo qis electromagnetic cuam tshuam ntawm cov zis waveforms. Qhov tsis zoo tseem ceeb yog qhov nyuaj dua thiab kev tswj xyuas nyuaj tab sis nws tuaj yeem kov yeej los ntawm kev siv cov tswj hwm digital niaj hnub.
Nws muaj tib yam kev tsim kho raws li cov pa peb theem inverter kev twb kev txuas inverter uas yog interconnected rau ib-theem peb-xaim tis system. Txawm hais tias qhov kev thov Circuit Court tsis muaj qhov tso tawm hluav taws xob, nws tuaj yeem sib npaug ua tau raws li ib-theem ob chav cascade inverter los ntawm kev hloov cov ncej transformer hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Los ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, cov zis tam sim no tuaj yeem tau txais raws li tsib-theem waveforms thiab lawv cov distortions tuaj yeem txo qis txaus. Nws yog siv rau kev sib tham sib hluav taws xob lub zog cia nrog cov roj teeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tso tawm yooj yim tau tham txog kev sim.
Nrog rau kev nce hauv kev siv cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv mus, kev kawm txog kev tswj cov txheej txheem rau kev tswj kom zoo dua ntawm kev faib cov tshuab thiab cov kab sib txuas tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb heev kom ua tiav kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua ntawm cov kab ke. Kev soj ntsuam ntawm peb theem inverter txuas.Qhov kev tshawb fawb no muab kev kawm txog cov txheej txheem tswj kev sib txuas ntawm DC qhov chaw thiab AC daim phiaj. Lub tswv yim tswj tau tau kawm thiab simulated hauv Simulink. Tus cwj pwm ntawm lub cev raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm kev hloov nws mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev hloov pauv thiab kab sib chaws. Kev siv lub tswv yim yog ua los ntawm kev siv dSpace thiab Simulink qauv. Tsuas yog Low Voltage kev siv yog ua thiab sim hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no.
Kev siv peb-theem voltage inverters (DC rau AC converters) feem ntau tau ntsib nyob rau hauv cov hluav taws xob fais fab system, xws li nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm photovoltaics nrog tus so ntawm daim phiaj. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm txoj kev tawm tswv yim uas tsis yog-linear rau kev sib txuas ntawm peb theem inverter, uas yog ua raws li qhov sib txawv flatness txoj kev xav thiab cov txheej txheem tshiab uas tsis yog-linear lim hauv lub npe Derivative-free nonlinear Kalman Filter. Ua ntej, nws tau pom tias lub inverter tus qauv dynamic yog ib qho txawv txav. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tag nrho nws cov kev hloov pauv hauv lub xeev thiab cov khoom siv tswj tau tuaj yeem sau ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm cov lej uas yog cov zis tawm. Los ntawm kev siv cov khoom sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv nws tau pom tias tus qauv inverter tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv daim ntawv canonical linear (Brunovsky's). Rau cov lus piav qhia yav dhau los tus tsim ntawm lub xeev kev tawm tswv yim tswj tau ua tau, xws li siv txoj hauv kev tso tus ncej. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau kwv yees lub xeev tsis ntsuas qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm lub inverter, Derivative-free nonlinear Kalman Filter yog siv.
Cov qauv lej raws li Parks txoj kev xav tso cai rau kev tsom xam ntawm tag nrho cov spectrum (hluav taws xob tsheb; zaus inverter) tsav lub tsheb thauj mus los ntawm ASTRA Bus Arad. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kev txiav txim siab dua, PWM waveform ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog siv, teeb tsa hauv rooj plaub dav dav. Kev khiav hauj lwm yam ntxwv ntawm hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog tsav yog teem rau sub-nominal zaus thiab rau cov ces kaum sib txawv ntawm cov tswj switching ntsiab nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub inverter. Kev nruj ntawm stator ntawm lub tshuab sib npaug yog txiav txim siab los ntawm peb lub ntsiab lus: cov khoom siv tseem ceeb; qhov thib ob tivthaiv sib haum mus rau qhov kev txiav txim siab dua harmonics, uas tig hauv kev sib txuas ncaj qha; thiab qhov tsim nyog thib peb ntawm kev txiav txim siab dua harmonics, uas yog tig rov qab. Cov qauv lej tsim tawm yuav pab txiav txim siab qhov sib haum xeeb uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm.
Qhov kev tshawb fawb no muaj kev txhawj xeeb nrog kev siv flywheel lub zog khaws cia hauv kev siv hluav taws xob thauj khoom qib. Kev ua haujlwm tau nthuav tawm muaj ob ntu, thawj zaug, kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thauj khoom theem nrog FESS raws li lub zog cia nruab nrab, thiab qhov thib ob, kev txhim kho lub zog hluav taws xob sib cuam tshuam ntawm FESS rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov kev tshawb fawb no nthuav tawm ib qho kev tshawb fawb los ntsuas FESS load leveling schemes hauv UK fais fab mov thiab faib tuam txhab. Nws txheeb xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov nqi thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov phiaj xwm, thiab ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas nyiaj txiag raws li Net Tam Sim No Tus Nqi thiab Internal Rate of Return method. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias DSM cov phiaj xwm siv FESS tuaj yeem siv tau nyiaj txiag rau UK cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev faib khoom lag luam hauv FESS qhov xwm txheej loj, thiab muab FESS cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thiab cov tsim tawm nrog cov hom phiaj rau cov ntawv thov. Cov lus xaus tau muab kev txhawb siab rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv hauv kev ua haujlwm.
Piv nrog rau cov kev tswj hwm ib txwm muaj xws li PI raws li kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm classic, tsab xov xwm siv cov kev tswj xyuas tsis zoo rau kev tsim peb-theem LCL daim phiaj-txuas inverter controllers. Tus qauv lej ntawm lub kaw lus raws li Euler-Lagrange tau tsim, thiab txoj kev damping ntawm lub ntxiab yog siv los txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau Euler-Lagrange yog tsim los ntawm Euler-Lagrange. Cov txiaj ntsig simulation txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau ntawm lub tswv yim.
Raws li kev lag luam sib cuam tshuam, peb-theem hluav taws xob-qhov chaw inverters (VSI) feem ntau yog nruab rau lub zog hloov pauv mus rau xa tawm DC lub zog los ntawm ntau tiam (DG) mus rau AC qhov hluav taws xob. Tsis tsuas yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob tau them nqi hloov lub zog rau cov khoom thauj tab sis txhawb cov kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw sib txuas (PCC) ib yam nkaus, uas yog nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm daim phiaj sib txuas. Daim ntawv no tshawb txog kev sib tsoo ciam teb thiab nws cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam ntawm VSI, tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam kev sib tshuam thiab daim phiaj, uas tshwm sim raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab kho cov haujlwm, qhov chaw ua haujlwm ib txwm raug txiav tawm thiab ib qho tshiab yog xav.Kev soj ntsuam ntawm peb theem inverter txuas. Lawv qhov kev sib nrig sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub hwj chim zoo nyob rau hauv kev tshawb xyuas yuav ua rau qhov teeb meem kev ruaj ntseg hauv Circuit Court thiab ua rau lub zog hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ntawm VSI los ntawm kev nce cov kab hluav taws xob sib haum xeeb. Nws pom nyob rau hauv kev tsim-oriented pom tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm ciam teb sib tsoo yuav raug ntxias nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tsis zoo nrog rau cov kab sib kis.
Niaj hnub no, multilevel inverters tau siv dav hauv kev siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Multilevel inverters tau pom zoo rau kev siv nruab nrab thiab siab voltage. Multilevel inverters tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam dua vim txo qis kev hloov pauv, tus nqi qis, tsis muaj kev sib haum xeeb tsis sib haum xeeb thiab muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm siab thaum piv rau cov tsoos PWM inverters. Daim ntawv no cuam tshuam nrog hybrid multilevel converter uas yog synthesize ntawm nruab nrab taw tes clamped thiab cascaded multilevel inverter. Lub hybrid multilevel converter yog npaj rau nruab nrab voltage loj zog ntsuas. Lub tswv yim converter muaj qhov voltage qhov inverter txuas nrog ib nrab choj modules ntawm txhua theem. Nrog rau kev sib txuas lus loj feem ntawm lub zog tuaj yeem ua ntej los ntawm VSI los ntawm kev sib txuas ib leeg multi pulse rectifier. Lub zog me me sib koom ua tiav hauv ib nrab choj modules. Lub tswv yim kev hloov kho rau hybrid multilevel inverter yog ib txwm ua tiav los ntawm kev siv logic circuit.
Nrog kev loj hlob ntawm kev siv inverters nyob rau hauv kev faib tiam, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj harmonics ua qhov tseem ceeb. Cov kev sib haum xeeb no yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov lim dej qis ntawm lub inverter thiab lub network. Daim ntawv no nthuav qhia tus qauv tsim rau cov zis LC lim hauv daim phiaj sib txuas ua ke hauv cov txheej txheem faib khoom. Tus qauv tsim yog raws li cov qauv kev sib haum xeeb uas txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm kev sib haum xeeb tam sim no txhaj rau hauv kab sib chaws. Analytical nthuav qhia rau qhov siab tshaj plaws inductor ripple tam sim no tau muab los. Lub lim capacitor tsim nyob ntawm qhov tso cai ntawm kev hloov cov khoom siv rau hauv kab sib chaws. Cov txheej txheem sib txawv passive lim damping cov txheej txheem txhawm rau txhawm rau cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam raug tshawb xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas. Cov txiaj ntsig simulated suav nrog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov lus qhia tau los.
Ib tug ob-theem plaub-ceg inverter tau tsim rau peb-theem plaub-xaim hluav taws xob zoo compensators. Thaum nws yog siv rau nruab nrab thiab loj muaj peev xwm compensators, qhov voltage kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv txhua tus hloov yog siab heev uas tus coj dv / dt ua rau loj electromagnetic cuam tshuam. Multilevel voltage qhov chaw inverter topologies yog qhov zoo hloov pauv, txij li lawv tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab txhim kho cov khoom sib haum xeeb. Qhov uas twb muaj lawm peb-theem nruab nrab taw tes clamped (NPC) inverter nyob rau hauv peb-theem peb-xaim tshuab yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv peb-theem plaub-xaim systems kuj, vim hais tias cov split dc capacitors muab ib tug nruab nrab kev twb kev txuas. Daim ntawv no nthuav qhia kev sib piv ntawm peb-theem plaub-ceg NPC inverter thiab peb-theem NPC inverter. Qhov ceev thiab dav siv tau rau peb-dimensional space vector modulation (3DSVM) yog npaj los tswj peb-theem NPC inverter hauv peb-theem plaub-xaim system. Zero-sequence Cheebtsam ntawm txhua vector yog txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav siv qhov nruab nrab tam sim no them nyiaj.
Lub bidirectional inverter tuaj yeem ua tiav ob qho kev sib txuas ntawm kab sib txuas thiab kev hloov kho nrog kev kho lub zog. Cov kev tswj xyuas muaj xws li ob txoj hauv kev, ib txoj kab-kab voj voog txoj cai (OLCRA) thiab ib-rau-kab-kab voj voog txoj cai (OSLCRA), uas coj mus rau hauv tus account dc-bus capacitance thiab tswj dc-bus voltage los taug qab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov dc-bus voltage thiab inverter inductor tam sim no. Txij li ob qho tib si ntawm txoj hauv kev xav tau qhov ntsuas ntawm dc-bus capacitance, daim ntawv no ua ntej nthuav tawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm dc-bus capacitor loj thiab ib qho kev kwv yees hauv online. Nrog OLCRA, lub inverter tunes dc-bus voltage txhua kab voj voog, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov zaus ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab tam sim no distortion. Lub OSLCRA kho cov lus txib tam sim no txhua ib-rau-th kab voj voog kom hloov mus rau dc-bus voltage hloov pauv sai.
Kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas nrog cov kab hluav taws xob feem ntau xav tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau kev ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv zos thiab kev txhaj tshuaj tam sim no rau hauv lub cev. Yog hais tias qhov chaw muab dc voltage, lub converter yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug low-distortion high-power-factor ac tam sim no. Tib yam ntsig txog qhov voltage thiab tam sim no distortion tsim los ntawm nonlinear loads tuaj yeem txiav txim siab rau kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm lub zog rau hauv daim phiaj. Thaum tsis muaj tus qauv tshwj xeeb, daim ntawv no yuav siv los ua ib qho kev txwv rau kev sib haum xeeb tam sim no muab los ntawm cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov laj thawj rau txoj hauv kev no yog tias, los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob degradation, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj thiab nqus dej tam sim no. Daim ntawv no nthuav tawm peb-theem inverter siv tsawg zaus commutation. Ib qho kev pabcuam hluav taws xob tau ntxiv rau lub inverter topology kom txo qhov tso zis voltage distortion, yog li txhim kho qhov tam sim no waveform.
Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kab sib txuas, 50 kW photovoltaic fais fab kev tsim hluav taws xob suav nrog peb-theem DC / AC inverter yog tsim, tsim thiab tsim. Daim ntawv no piav qhia txog kev tsim qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm 50 kW daim phiaj-khi PV cog, uas muaj cov hnub ci hlwb, DC / AC inverter, daim phiaj siv hluav taws xob. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, cov txheej txheem tswj ntawm peb theem tam sim no-tswj PWM inverter siv dq axis hloov pauv tau nthuav tawm, thiab tom qab ntawd cov txiaj ntsig kev sim qhia tau hais tias cov txheej txheem npaj tau muaj tus cwj pwm zoo ruaj khov nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob-kev sib tham ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim teb qhia tau hais tias qhov kev siv qhov system yog li 13.4%.
Kev ruaj ntseg me me yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb hauv peb-theem inverter-raws li ac fais fab tshuab. Lub impedance-raws li txoj hauv kev raws li qhov dav dav Nyquist stability criterion (GNC) tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov kev ruaj ntseg cuam tshuam nrog cov qauv nruab nrab thiab siab zaus ntawm cov tshuab. Txawm li cas los xij, GNC suav nrog txoj cai-ib nrab-dav dav hlau (RHP) ncej suav ntawm kev xa rov qab hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm matrices, uas tsis tuaj yeem zam rau kev txheeb xyuas kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov teeb meem ac zog. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum muaj cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog kev tswj hwm ntawm cov inverters, uas tsis yog ib txwm muaj rau kev lag luam inverters. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, daim ntawv no qhia txog Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Sib Txuas Sib Txuas (CCM) hauv qhov zaus sau rau kev txheeb xyuas kev ruaj ntseg hauv synchronous dq thav duab, los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim los ntawm kev muab cov impedance matrix ntawm kev sib txuas tes hauj lwm ntawm inverter-based ac zog tshuab.
Daim phiaj lis dej num tau raug kho kom suav nrog cov kev xav tau ntxiv rau lub zog tauj dua tshiab, raws li kev teeb tsa lub zog nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd nws yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem uas muaj peev xwm ua tiav cov kev xav tau tshiab, uas feem ntau suav nrog kev muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm raws li qhov tsis sib npaug ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob tsis muaj kuab paug rau daim phiaj, thiab lwm yam. Daim ntawv no nthuav tawm peb-theem inverter rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic rau hauv daim phiaj, nrog rau qhov fuzzy siab tshaj plaws lub zog taw tes nrhiav thiab muaj peev xwm tswj tau lub zog reactive. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm lub inverter yog hais tias lub kaw lus tswj tau tsim los daws cov teeb meem tsis sib haum xeeb.
Ib lub thyristor inverter muaj N cov ceg sib luag yog tswj los ntawm qhov chaw muab khoom impulse uas ib txwm ua rau tus neeg thyristors nyob rau hauv txhua ceg hauv cyclic succession. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug overload nyob rau hauv ib ceg, lub impulse qhov chaw yog hloov mus rau ib tug override hom uas ib txhij excites tag nrho cov inverter thyristors. Ib coil pov tseg nyob rau hauv txhua lub inverter ceg txhais tau tias, nrog ib tug reactive Circuit Court nrog rau ib tug cia capacitor txuas mus rau thoob plaws ceg, ib tug oscillatory circuits. Lub inductance ntawm ceg coils raug xaiv xws li thaum lub sij hawm override hom, lub oscillatory tam sim no loj nyob rau hauv qhov loj tshaj qhov overload tam sim no. Lub inverter thyristors yog li extinguished thaum lub sij hawm ib nrab-lub voj voog ntawm oscillation nyob rau hauv uas lub polarity ntawm lub oscillation opposes ntawm lub overload tam sim no. Tom qab xws li quench, lub impulse qhov chaw yuav yog neeg xiam oob qhab los tiv thaiv re-ignition ntawm thyristors, los yog hloov rov qab mus rau nws li qub hom.
Lub DC rau ob-theem AC inverter uas suav nrog peb ceg ib ceg hloov hom inverters circuits los yog peb-theem choj Circuit Court thiab ib tug maub los / tsav Circuit Court. Cov maub los / tsav tsheb muaj xws li ib daim duab peb sab waveform generator thiab ob lub sinusoidal siv waveform generators tawm ntawm theem nrog ib leeg, lub sinusoidal waveforms generated ntawm qhov xav tau AC tso zis zaus, thiab daim duab peb sab waveform generated ntawm ntau zaus. Tus maub los / tsav tsheb tau teeb tsa los tsav ib ceg ntawm tus choj txuas nrog 50% lub luag haujlwm voj voog ntawm daim duab peb sab waveform zaus thiab ob txhais ceg ntawm daim duab peb sab waveform zaus nrog mem tes dav modulated signals, mem tes dav ntawm txhua lub teeb liab sib txawv nrog ib tug discrete ib ntawm cov sinusoidal waveforms. Txhua theem ntawm ob-theem AC yog muab los ntawm inverter nruab nrab ntawm txhais ceg tsav ntawm 50% lub luag haujlwm voj voog thiab ib qho kev txiav txim siab ntawm lwm cov ceg.
Fais fab converters nyob rau hauv daim phiaj kev sib txuas daim ntawv thov feem ntau siv Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulation txheej txheem. Passive lim yog ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav attenuate lub generated switching tam sim no ripples thiab txo resonances ntawm daim phiaj thiab lub inverter. Thawj-kev txiav txim, qhov thib ob-kev txiav txim, thiab qhov thib peb-txoj kev lim dej topologies yog cov lim dej zoo rau daim phiaj txuas nrog Voltage Source Inverters . Xyaum, vim qhov system loj, qhov hnyav, thiab tus nqi yuav tsum tau ua, LCL lim yog feem ntau siv ntawm lwm tus rau kev koom ua ke ntawm peb theem VSI rau hauv daim phiaj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tswj hwm kev ruaj ntseg yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm LCL lim yog li, nws qhia txog cov teeb meem kev tswj xyuas.Kev soj ntsuam ntawm peb theem inverter txuas. Ntau cov tswv yim tswj xyuas xws li rov ua dua, kev kwv yees, kev tswj ntau lub voj voog, thiab kev tswj hwm hysteresis tau raug npaj los txhawm rau txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm daim phiaj-txuas VSIs.
Kev loj hlob ntawm kev siv ntau tiam neeg hauv lub zog yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem kev tiv thaiv. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem pa, DGs yuav tsum tau txiav tawm ntawm kab sib chaws nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem txhaum cai. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm DGs, lub tswv yim no ua rau muaj teeb meem voltage sag. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, lub inverter raws li DGs raug tswj kom zoo nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem txhaum cai es tsis txhob disconnecting ntawm daim phiaj. Txoj kev no yog hu ua txhaum caij los ntawm lub tswv yim. Cov txiaj ntsig simulation qhia tau hais tias qhov txhaum tam sim no tau khaws cia rau hauv qhov xav tau los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem tsim tawm thiab kev tiv thaiv kev sib koom ua ntej kev sib txuas ntawm DG tseem tsis zoo txawm tias tom qab kev sib txuas ntawm DG. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov voltage sag yog txhim kho vim DGs reactive zog txhaj tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm ua txhaum. Ntxiv mus, txoj kev no tsis muaj nqi ntxiv vim tias cov tswv yim tswj hwm tau ua tiav ntawm lub interfaced inverter thiab tsis tas yuav siv cov ntsiab lus ntxiv.
