Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Txo Cov ie3 motors hauv Is Nrias teb.
Qhov teeb meem tshiab ntawm IEC60034-30 "Cov chav kawm ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm ib leeg-ceev, peb-theem, tawb-induction ie3 motors hauv Is Nrias teb qhia txog qib kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob.Cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev txiav txim siab poob thiab kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev sim, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog piav qhia txog kev ntsuas rau txo qhov kev poob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog cov txheej txheem tshiab rau kev txiav txim siab qhov poob thiab kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev sim tau piav qhia.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm tsab xov xwm no yog tsim cov qauv electromagnetic rau peb theem induction motor premium efficiency (IE3), rated zog ntawm 7.5 kW, 1000 rpm ib txheej windings, tsim thiab tsim raws li tus qauv los ntawm lub tuam txhab Electroprecizia Electrical Motors nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Brasov, Romania.
Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav scroll rau lub zog rov qab rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tau tsim tshwj xeeb nrog rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav kauv, ratchet clutch, iav clutch tshiab thiab lwm yam khoom. Qhov kev zov me nyuam yog tias peb tau khaws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav kauv thaum lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws (tiv thaiv) kom nres thiab decelerate, thiab siv nws thaum lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yog anti-(zoo) pib los yog ceev.
Txhawm rau kom tsis muaj zog ntxiv torque thiab suab nrov los ntawm qhov chaw sib haum xeeb, squirrel tawb asynchronous lub cev muaj zog nrog skewed rotor tuav yog siv dav hauv me me thiab nruab nrab tawb induction motors. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog skewed rotor, qhov kev faib tawm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov kev taw qhia axial yog tsis sib xws, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov tub ntxhais saturation ntau dua thiab ntau dua hlau poob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov inter-bar los yog transverse tam sim no kuj yog tsim los ntawm cov tsis muaj rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov rotor tuav thiab lamination steels, uas kuj ua rau kom poob ntau heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov me me thiab ie3 motors nyob rau hauv India. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm skewed rotors ntawm lub cev muaj zog poob. Nyob rau hauv no nam, ib tug tsim qauv ntawm cov tsis-skewed rotor tuav rau tawb induction motors yog nthuav, nyob rau hauv uas lub asymmetrical ncaj rotor tuav yog saws los ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm qhov kev sib haum xeeb teb, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qhov ntau dhau los ntawm transverse tam sim no kuj tau. zam dhau. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav pab tau rau tsim cov me me thiab nruab nrab induction motors nrog hwm efficiency IE3 qib.
Hauv UK cov tshuab hluav taws xob tau kwv yees kwv yees yuav luag ob feem peb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li GAMBICA, yog tias qhov hloov pauv ceev tau ntxiv rau cov motors ntawm cov ntawv thov uas tsis siv tam sim no, kev txuag ntawm ib puag ncig 25,000GWh ntawm lub zog tuaj yeem ua tiav (kwv yees li 6,000 qhov nruab nrab cua turbines) nrog rau qhov sib xws. txo qis hauv CO2 emissions. Qhov no yog lub hom phiaj ntawm EU lub zog ntsig txog cov khoom lag luam (ErP) cov lus qhia. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Txo Cov ie3 motors hauv Is Nrias teb.Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, txoj cai tswj hwm rau cov motors 640/2009 / EC tau sau cov chav kawm ua haujlwm tsawg kawg nkaus rau peb-theem qis-voltage induction motors. Thawj theem ntawm cov kev cai, uas teev cov kev ua tau zoo hauv chav kawm IE2 raws li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus rau cov motors tshiab, tau siv.
Txoj kev tshawb no tau ua ib qho kev sib piv ntawm cov ntsuas kev siv hluav taws xob thiab CO2 emissions rau plaub-ncej induction motors (IMs) ntawm cov chav kawm ua haujlwm IE3 thiab IE4 nrog lub zog ntsuas ntawm 2.2-200 kW hauv qhov hloov pauv ceev twj tso kua mis. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tswv yim tshiab IE4 converter-fed synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs) tau soj ntsuam. Kev sib piv tau muab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb rau lub zog tsav tshuab (PDSs) ntawm ntau yam kev sib hloov ceev thiab thauj khoom. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias qhov ntsuas emissions rau IE3 chav kawm motors yog qhov phem dua piv nrog IE4 chav kawm motors rau kev ntsuas hluav taws xob tsawg, uas ua rau feem coob ntawm cov hluav taws xob hauv kev pabcuam. Qhov no qhia txog kev nthuav dav lub zog yuav tsum tau ua rau IE4 lub cev muaj zog kom tsawg kawg 7.5-200 kW lossis txawm tias 0.75-200 kW, vim nws yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov hom phiaj tshiab rau kev txo qis cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm IE4 SynRMs tshaj IE4 IMs tau pom, xws li lawv cov qauv tsim yooj yim thiab kev tsim khoom ntawm tus nqi sib piv.
Niaj hnub nimno synchronous reluctance motors tso cai rau kev txhim kho lub zog ntawm ntau daim ntawv thov kev lag luam. Cov qauv tshiab txhais tsib chav kawm ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob rau hluav taws xob, los ntawm IE1 txog IE5. Daim ntawv no txiav txim siab txog cov teeb meem ntsig txog kev ua lej thiab kev sim ntawm cov hlau nplaum-dawb synchronous reluctance lub cev muaj zog ntawm chav kawm IE5. Cov qauv kev ua lej tau tso cai suav cov txiaj ntsig zoo, lub zog muaj zog, lub zog ripple, winding poob hauv stator thiab rotor sib nqus cores, thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab synchronous tsis kam khiav hauv ntau hom kev ua haujlwm. Lub cev muaj zog tau sim ntawm lub rooj ntev zaum sim, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha torque ntsuas. Thermocouples tau siv thiab ntsuas ua nyob rau hauv khov kho-lub xeev thermal hom kom pom qhov cua kub. Lub cev ntawm tus qauv synchronous tsis kam lub cev muaj zog muaj tib qhov ntev thiab kev sib hloov axis qhov siab raws li lub cev ntawm ie3 motors hauv Is Nrias teb ntawm tib lub zog.
Vim yog cov qauv hluav taws xob sib txawv thoob ntiaj teb, mus rau lub cev muaj zog thiab kev tsim kho tshuab xa tawm kev lag luam tsim thiab kev tswj ntau lawm nyuaj, nce tus nqi. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv raws li thoob ntiaj teb cov qauv IE3, ua ib tug series ntawm ultra-npaum motors, fais fab mov kom tau raws li lub ntiaj teb no cov qauv, thaum tsis hloov qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav, tsis tau nce tus nqi tsim, yooj yim lub cev muaj zog export rau lub ntiaj teb no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev muab machinery. thiab engineering txhawb kev xa tawm mus rau lub ntiaj teb kom yooj yim heev. Kab lus no piav qhia txog qhov zaus thiab qhov voltage universal motor tsim txoj kev, nrog rau kev siv cov qauv no los tsim cov ntaub ntawv siv lub cev muaj zog ultra-high efficiency xam cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv xeem cov qauv. Kev suav cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas hom qhia tau hais tias nws muaj peev xwm ua tau tias tib lub cev muaj zog yog qhov hloov pauv tsis tau raws li cov qauv hluav taws xob ntawm txhua lub teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Lub xeev thiab cov kev pab cuam hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob muaj keeb kwm tau txhawb nqa ntau lub hom phiaj dav dav, induction motors ua ib qho kev ntsuas los pab ua kom tiav cov hom phiaj txuag hluav taws xob. Lub sijhawm dhau los, tsoomfwv cov qauv kev ua haujlwm tsawg kawg nkaus tau raug tsa mus rau qib ntawm kev ua tau zoo (R) ie3 motors hauv cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb hauv Is Nrias teb thiab cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev tswj hwm cov kev pabcuam rau cov tsav tsheb me ntsis tsis muaj nqi ntau dua. Cov tshuab thev naus laus zis siab tshaj, xws li cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov (PMAC) lub cev muaj zog, tuaj yeem muab cov neeg ua haujlwm tswj hwm txoj hauv kev los txuas ntxiv mus ntes cov kev txuag hluav taws xob tseem ceeb los ntawm cov kev pab cuam lub cev muaj zog.Bench thiab teb cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm me me horsepower ruaj khov hlau nplaum motors, tom qab CSA 838-13 los yog cov tswv yim. -cov qauv tsim tawm los ntawm IEC 60034-2-1 thiab IEEE 112, qhia tias lawv yog 2% -26% ua haujlwm zoo dua li tib lub zog induction lub cev muaj zog thoob plaws tib lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Feem ntau, qhov qis dua qhov chaw thau khoom lossis ceev ntawm lub cev muaj zog ntau dua qhov feem pua ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas pom tau tias kev txuag hluav taws xob los ntawm PMAC lub cev muaj zog thev naus laus zis.
Tsis ntev los no, kev txuag hluav taws xob los ntawm kev txhim kho lub cev muaj zog thiab kev siv lub zog tswj kev sib hloov ceev tau los ua kom nrawm dua. Fuji Electric tau tsim ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke, uas suav nrog lub zog inverter rau hauv lub cev muaj zog. Ntxiv nrog rau kev siv lub cev muaj zog, kev ua haujlwm nrawm nrawm nrog inverter tswj tau ua tiav qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog txuag. Ntxiv mus, nws ua tiav downsizing los ntawm kev koom ua ke. Cov nyhuv txuag hluav taws xob yog txo qis ntawm 45% (1,923 kWh ib xyoos) los ntawm cov qauv motors nrog IE1 chav kawm efficiency thiab 43% (1,742 kWh ib xyoos) piv rau IE3 "Premium Efficiency Motors."
Cov qauv kev ua haujlwm siab tau maj mam raug qhia nrog IE3 qib kev ua haujlwm sai sai hauv ntau lub tebchaws; IE4 cov qib kev ua haujlwm tau tsim los rau kev siv yav tom ntej. Hauv daim ntawv no kev tshuaj xyuas yog ua los ntawm IE 60034-30 tus qauv uas suav nrog cov qauv kab pib induction motors. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Txo Cov ie3 motors hauv Is Nrias teb.Qee qhov kev tsim qauv uas tuaj yeem siv los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig kom ua tau raws li IE4 cov qauv tau tham. Cov qauv no tam sim no tau hloov pauv los ntawm IE60034-30-1 tus qauv uas txuas mus rau lwm cov kab pib motors thiab tseem IE 60034-30-2 tau qhia los npog cov tsav tsheb sib txawv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev siv tshuab. Qhov xaus yog tias IE4 cov qauv tau txais tab sis yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tsim kom ncav cuag qhov no.
Nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los, tshiab efficiency yuav tsum tau rau induction motors. Yog li cov tshuab hluav taws xob cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum tau kho dua tshiab cov qauv tsim txhawm rau txhawm rau txo qhov kev poob siab txhawm rau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tsim los ntawm IE2 thiab IE3 cov qauv qauv raws li IEC. Muab hais tias, nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, qhov kev thov nce ntxiv txog kev ua tau zoo (IE4 thiab IE5 pawg) xav tau, nws yuav tsim nyog los nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev los txo qis hauv induction motors. Hauv kev ua haujlwm no, muaj peev xwm siv cov hlau nplaum sib nqus hauv induction motors nrog ib nrab kaw qhov qhib tau kawm. Cov tswv yim no tso cai rau txo cov tooj liab thiab cov tub ntxhais poob, yog li ua kom lub cev muaj zog. Txoj kev tshawb no tshuaj xyuas cov motors uas tsis muaj zog thiab txiav txim siab txawv permeabilities thiab geometries rau cov hlau nplaum sib nqus. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsom ntsoov rau qhov pib torque thiab tam sim no. Thaum kawg, ib qho kev sim validation siv 3-kW 380-V 4-ncej IE2-chav kawm induction motor tau nthuav tawm.
Cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov qauv hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los ua kom muaj kev vam meej hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb nrog Premium Efficiency motors (IE3) thiab lub zog txuag lub cev muaj zog tsav hauv cov twj, kiv cua thiab compressors, thiab kev lag luam tuav & ua. Cov qauv muaj xws li kev ntsuas kev siv hluav taws xob, cov ntawv sau thiab cov chav kawm ua haujlwm zoo nrog rau kev teeb tsa kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua. Kev nce qib tau tshaj tawm nrog Ecodesign txoj cai hauv Tebchaws Europe koom nrog lub ntiaj teb ntawm cov teb chaws nrog Cov Qauv Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob (MEPS) los ntawm 2011 thaum lwm lub tebchaws xws li Asmeskas, Canada thiab Mexico tau hloov kho lawv cov kev xav tau uas twb muaj lawm los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2010 mus txog IE3. Teb chaws Europe kuj tau pib qhia cov qauv kev ua haujlwm rau cov kiv cua thiab cov twj tso kua mis.
Muaj zog zog npaum txoj cai tau raug coj los siv nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws kom ua tiav kev txo qis ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob. Kev txhim kho hauv kev tsim, txheej txheem thiab kev qhia txog cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tau pab nrog kev nkag mus ntawm cov chav kawm ua haujlwm sib txawv, los ntawm IE1 txog IE4, IE4 ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Kev sib piv ntawm induction motors chav kawm IE2, IE3 thiab IE4, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm thib tsib thiab xya harmonics tau nthuav tawm. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias IE4 Super Premium Tsav Tsheb, nthuav tawm cov nqi qis ntawm tam sim no thiab qhov kub thiab txias, txawm li cas los xij, qhia cov yam ntxwv tsis-linear.
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb tab tom ua cov txheej txheem hloov pauv mus rau lub zog txuas ntxiv mus thiab kev siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob. Induction motors ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem hloov hluav taws xob no vim tias lawv tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam, sawv cev ntau dua 53% ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb. Nrog ntau lub teb chaws siv cov qauv kev ua haujlwm tsawg kawg nkaus los ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo dua induction motors, kev sib piv ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab no thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam xyuas ua ntej siv txoj cai hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Txo Cov ie3 motors hauv Is Nrias teb.Txog qhov kawg, qhov haujlwm no nthuav tawm qhov kev sib piv ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib haum xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov chav kawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob IE2, IE3 thiab IE4 hauv tib yam kev ua haujlwm hauv kev pom ntawm kev hloov pauv yav tom ntej. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws IE4 chav kawm ntawv hlau nplaum ruaj khov muaj kev ua tau zoo dua ntawm kev noj thiab kub, txawm li cas los xij qhia cov yam ntxwv uas tsis yog-linear.
Ntau tshaj 30 lab lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau muag txhua xyoo hauv ntiaj teb, hauv 20 xyoo dhau los qhov zoo li ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig tau ua rau hloov ntau dua 70% ntawm cov qub motors. Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tau nthuav tawm los ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hloov pauv rau squirrel tawb induction motor (SCIM). Muab qhov xwm txheej no, cov kev tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau ua los txheeb xyuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov motors nyob rau tib lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kom paub txog lawv lub ntsiab zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Txoj kev tshawb no nthuav tawm kev sib piv ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov chav kawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob IE2, IE3 thiab IE4 nyob rau hauv qhov muaj qhov tsis sib xws (VU) nrog qis dua thiab dhau voltage. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias tsis yog qhov feem pua ntawm qhov tsis sib npaug tam sim no cuam tshuam rau lub cev muaj zog kev ua haujlwm, tab sis kuj yog qhov loj ntawm qhov voltages tam sim no. VU kuj ua rau muaj kev nce hauv kev sib haum xeeb tam sim no hauv txhua lub cev muaj zog, feem ntau hauv cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov hybrid lub cev muaj zog, uas nthuav tawm cov yam ntxwv tsis-linear.
Higher-efficiency motors (IEC chav kawm IE3 / IE4) tau nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam raws li cov kev cai thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob. Cov cwj pwm hluav taws xob ntawm cov motors no txawv nrog feem ntau siab dua inrush thiab xauv-rotor tam sim no. Qee qhov teeb meem yuav tshwm sim nrog lwm cov khoom ntawm lub installation. Hauv daim ntawv no peb tshawb xyuas cov teeb meem muaj feem cuam tshuam txog kev pib ncaj qha-on-line. Peb muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau ua nyob rau hauv standardization technical committees los kho switchgear thiab motor qauv. Thaum kawg peb muab cov lus qhia los tsim lub zog txuag hluav taws xob thiab muaj zog lub cev muaj zog.
Kev tsim qauv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo (IE3) squirrel-cage induction motor los ntawm kev siv radial scaling, axial scaling thiab rewinding ntawm 4 kW 4-ncej siab efficiency (IE2) lub cev muaj zog. Qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas tau txhais rau txhua qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug thiab txiav txim siab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm saturation ntawm lub ntsiab thiab to hauv inductances hauv txhua qhov kev khiav hauj lwm. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws scaling yam yog txiav txim siv Differential evolution optimization algorithm nrog yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntim ntawm hlau pawg txhais raws li tus nqi muaj nuj nqi.
Ib qho kev nthuav dav ntawm lub ntsiab lub cev muaj zog cuam tshuam rau kev tiv thaiv kev teeb tsa tau nthuav tawm, taw qhia qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm peb-theem ncaj qha-on-line (DOL) motors ntawm cov chav kawm ua haujlwm sib txawv. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim thiab simulations tau nthuav tawm thiab sib tham nyob rau hauv lub Scope ntawm lub cev muaj zog tiv thaiv overload, short-circuit, tam sim no unbalance, thiab xauv-rotor tej yam kev mob, rau 7.5-kW, plaub-ncej, IE2- thiab IE3-chav kawm squirrel -cage induction motors (SCIMs) thiab rau IE4-chav kawm kab-pib mus tas li-magnet motors (LSPMs), muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntsig txog lawv cov kev coj cwj pwm hluav taws xob thiab thermal. Ob lub lag luam digital thermal-magnetic motor tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej, uas nws cov qauv thermal tau tsim los rau IE1- thiab IE2-chav kawm motors, raug soj ntsuam raws li kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev sim cov motors. Daim ntawv no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam vim yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm IE3-chav induction motors, nrog rau cov kev taw qhia tsis ntev los no rau hauv kev lag luam ntawm IE4-chav induction motors thiab LSPMs.
Raws li nws paub, induction motors nrog squirrel tawb rotor raug cais raws li IEC 60034-30: 2008 hauv peb chav kawm ua haujlwm: a. Standard Efficiency IE1; b. Kev ua haujlwm siab IE2; c. Hwm Efficiency IE3. Raws li cov kev cai ecodesign, txij li thaum 01.01.2015 feem 01.01.2017 motors yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg npaum li IE3 efficiency theem. Cov tuam txhab tsim hluav taws xob yuav tsum ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, txhim kho IE3 variant. Daim ntawv no hais txog hom kev ua tiav ntawm cov motors, rau cov kev daws teeb meem thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau.
Kev hloov tsis zoo thiab tsis siv neeg hloov ntawm cov qauv motors nrog IE2 thiab IE3 motors tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj heev, tsis xav tau thiab tsis txhob txwm ua. Yog hais tias ib tug tsis ua nyiaj pub dawb rau cov no nyob rau hauv lub system tsim, 1% kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv lub zog efficiency ntawm lub cev muaj zog ib leeg yuav ua tau ib tug tiag tiag nce nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov system zog noj. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv no yog hais tias thaum ib tug saib ntawm optimizing lub zog txuag thiab efficiency ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob saib tsuas yog ib tug tshwj xeeb efficiency ntawm ib tug system, (xws li hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog raws li feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv) tab sis ib txwm nyob rau hauv lub efficiency. , thiab kev siv hluav taws xob, ntawm tag nrho cov system. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob / lub cev muaj zog tau tham hauv daim ntawv no hais txog AC induction tshuab.
Kev sib piv ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 2.2 kW hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog ntawm ntau hom thiab cov chav kawm siv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob ntawm lub twj tso kua mis nrog throttle tswj hauv cov khoom siv dej. Kab-pib mus tas li-magnet synchronous motors ntawm IE4 lub zog ua haujlwm hauv chav kawm thiab induction motors ntawm IE4 thiab IE3 lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab tau txiav txim siab (IE4 thiab IE3 yog cov ntawv cim ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob raws li IEC 60034-30- 1 standard). Kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv raws li lub luag haujlwm lub luag haujlwm raug xam raws li cov ntaub ntawv npe ntawm lub twj tso kua mis thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Txoj kev tsim tawm qhia tau hais tias xaiv lub tshuab hluav taws xob raws li IE lub zog ua haujlwm hauv chav kawm raws li IEC 60034-30-1 tus qauv (piv txwv li, raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntsuas) yuav tsis muab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov twj tso kua mis sib txawv. ib lub luag haujlwm lub voj voog.
Hwm (IEC IE3 Class) efficiency Motors yog tam sim no yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv North America. Super-Premium (IEC IE4 Chav Kawm) thiab IE5 Ultra-Premium efficiency cov chav kawm yog txhais nyob rau hauv thib ob tsab ntawm Standard IEC 60034-30. Rau kab-pib tsau-ceev daim ntawv thov, Super-Premium IE4-Class Kab-Start Permanent-Magnet Motors thiab Squirrel-Cage Induction Motors yog cov nkag tsis ntev los no hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam. Rau cov ntawv thov sib txawv-ceev, IE4-Class Variable-Reluctance Synchronous Motors kuj yog qhov nkag tsis ntev los no hauv khw. Rau lub zog qis, txav los ntawm IE4 mus rau IE5 chav kawm, yuav tsum tau txav deb ntawm radial-flux induction motor technology, mus rau cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov thiab tsis kam siv tshuab, xws li siv Rare-Earth lossis Ferrite hlau nplaum. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, kev soj ntsuam kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws muaj hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog thiab cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, xws li axial-flux mus tas li-magnet synchronous motors, tau nthuav tawm.
Tsab ntawv xov xwm no qhia txog cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tsis ntev los no ntawm kev tsim cov tooj liab rotors los ntawm cov txheej txheem tuag-casting, uas muab ib qho yooj yim thiab siv tau txhais tau tias rau kev lag luam loj loj ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab ultra-npaum induction motors. Nws kuj tseem qhia txog cov piv txwv ntawm kev siv cov cam khwb cia tooj liab rotors los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam li cov motors muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm IE3 thiab IE4 efficiency qib thiab tshuaj xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cam khwb cia tooj liab rotor motors.
Tus tsim thiab simulation ntawm 15 kW, 2 ncej, 50 Hz, peb theem induction lub cev muaj zog kom ua tiav IE4 efficiency qib raws li tau hais los ntawm International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Rau kev ua tau zoo dua, lub cev muaj zog yog tsim, optimized thiab simulated nrog tooj liab tuag-cam khwb cia rotor thiab tsawg poob hluav taws xob hlau. Txoj kev simulation yog thawj zaug siv tau los ntawm kev sib piv nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem ntawm tus qauv IE3 lub cev muaj zog. Tib tus qauv simulated tau coj los siv los tsim IE4 lub cev muaj zog. Qhov kev daws teeb meem tsim muaj IE4 kev ua tau zoo yog ua tiav yam tsis hloov cov stator geometry thiab ncej loj.
Premium efficiency motors yog tam sim no yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv North America, tab sis cov tshiab efficiency siab dua cov chav kawm tau raug qhia. Cov Motors ntawm IE4 Super-Premium Efficiency Class twb muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, thiab IE5 Ultra-Premium Efficiency Class yog raug txiav txim siab. Tsis pub dhau IE4 Super-Premium Class, Kab-Start Permanent Magnet Motors (LSPM) yog qhov nkag tsis ntev los no hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam. Nws qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua yog qhov ua tau zoo, tab sis, zoo li hauv txhua lub thev naus laus zis, muaj qee qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam, ob qho tib si rau kev rov qab kho dua lossis kev siv tshiab. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm LSPM tuaj yeem ntsuas tau raws li kev tso tawm-tso tawm (lossis ncaj qha) txoj hauv kev tau teev tseg hauv IEEE 112 lossis IEC 60034-2-1 tus qauv, tab sis, yog tias qhov poob yuav raug cais, piv txwv li tso cai rau kev kho qhov kub thiab txias, nws yog tseem ceeb rau kev soj ntsuam yog tias cov txheej txheem kev xeem tau teev tseg tuaj yeem siv rau cov tshuab no. Vim yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nce qib thiab kev nkag mus ntawm qhov sib txawv-ceev drives (VSDs) hauv cov tshuab tsav tsheb, lub cev muaj zog thiab kev ua haujlwm txwv rau cov khoom siv no yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Raws li nws paub, induction motors nrog squirrel tawb rotor raug cais raws li IEC 60034-30: 2008 hauv peb chav kawm ua haujlwm: a. Standard Efficiency IE1; b. Kev ua haujlwm siab IE2; c. Hwm Efficiency IE3. Raws li cov kev cai ecodesign, txij li thaum lub Rau Hli 16, 2011 lub cev muaj zog yuav tsum tsis txhob ua haujlwm tsawg dua li IE2 efficiency. Cov neeg tsim khoom siv lub cev muaj zog yuav tsum ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, txhim kho IE2 variant. Daim ntawv no hais txog hom kev ua tiav ntawm cov motors, rau cov kev daws teeb meem thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm daim ntawv no yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov suab nrov thiab cua sov ua los ntawm peb theem induction lub cev muaj zog, lub zog ntawm 11kW, 1000 rpm, txheej txheej yooj yim windings tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab Electroprecizia Sacele nyob rau hauv Brasov county, Romania. Nws tau raug xaiv lub cav no paub tias los ntawm 2015 nws yuav raug coj los ua tus qauv IEC 60034-30 IE3 qeb uas muab cov suab nrov txwv thiab kev txwv kev ua haujlwm rau cov induction motors. Rau kev simulation ntawm cov suab nrov sib nqus, tau siv Flux 2D finite element program thiab ntsuas thermal tau ua los ntawm kev siv lub koob yees duab thermal ruaj khov.Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Txo Cov ie3 motors hauv Is Nrias teb. Kev ntsuas lub suab nrov (hauv lub suab spectrum) tau ua nyob rau hauv semi-anechoic chamber, ntawm lub tuam txhab, uas tsim lub induction lub cev muaj zog. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas kev ua haujlwm hauv kev hloov pauv ceev nws tau txiav txim siab cov khoom siv ntawm lub cev muaj zog los ntawm inverter (qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv-hloov nrawm) thiab ncaj qha los ntawm lub network. Hauv kev simulation ntawm cov suab nrov sib nqus tau raug coj mus rau hauv tus account kuj tseem hloov pauv txoj cai, uas tshwm sim thaum lub cev muaj zog pib.
Ib leeg-phasing yog ib qho ntawm cov ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam. Kev lag luam hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv sai vim qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov qauv kev ua haujlwm tau txais kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb. Nyob rau hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov qub qub motors retrofitted nrog motors ntawm cov chav kawm efficiency siab dua, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv overload tsis zoo tuned/configured los yog upgraded/hloov. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, ib tug txheej txheem cej luam ntawm lub cev muaj zog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sim kawm txog tus cwj pwm ntawm tsib peb-theem 7.5-kW, 400-V, 50-Hz, 4-ncej motors, namely, plaub squirrel-cage induction motors suav nrog IE1, IE2 / EPAct, IE3 / NEMA Premium thiab IE4 / Super Premium efficiency cov chav kawm thiab ib kab-pib mus tas li-sib nqus hlau nplaum ntawm IE4 chav kawm, nyob rau hauv ib qho-phasing mov ntawm tsis muaj-load, xauv-rotor thiab ib feem-load haujlwm , tau nthuav tawm. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig tau, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias, feem ntau, niaj hnub kev lag luam thermal overload relays lossis thermal-magnetic circuit-breakers muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab-ua haujlwm motors tiv thaiv ib leeg.
Lub EU Commission Regulation (EC) No. 640/2009, Ecodesign Requirements for Electric Motors tau pib siv txij lub Rau Hli 2011. Cov kev cai no tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm tsawg kawg nkaus rau ntau hom peb-theem, qis-voltage hluav taws xob induction motors. Cov tiam tshiab lub cev muaj zog muaj ntau dua qhov pib tam sim no, uas yuav tsum muaj kev hloov pauv ntau dua thiab muaj peev xwm nqa tam sim no nyob deb tshaj tus qauv tam sim no IEC 60947. Qhov kev hloov no yuav raug tswj hwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntxiv hauv tus qauv tsav IEC 60034 thiab ntxiv ecodesign teg num yav tom ntej. . Kev hloov pauv tus cwj pwm hauv kev pib thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm IE2, IE3 thiab IE4 motors yog suav tias yog. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv hauv kev hwm ntawm kev ua thiab kev ua haujlwm tawg thiab kev ua kom ntev. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev siv tswv yim nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txhim kho cov tswv yim tsim, kev coj cwj pwm zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj. Daim ntawv no txiav txim siab txog kev ntsuas sib txawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev hloov kho tus cwj pwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg.
ABS tau tshaj tawm EffeX ntau yam, uas nws tau lees tias yog lub ntiaj teb thawj cov twj tso kua dej submersible siv cov khoom siv tau zoo uas txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig. Qhov ntau yam tshiab muaj ntau dua kev nyab xeeb margins thiab blockage-resistance free-solids passage ntawm yam tsawg kawg nkaus 75 mm. Lub cev muaj zog IE3 suav nrog tau tsim thiab sim ua raws li IEC 60034-30 tus qauv, thiab tau ua kom zoo hydraulics, muab tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, ABS hais. Qhov ntau yog tsim rau cov chaw kho dej khib nyiab thiab qhov sib tw uas xav tias yuav muaj kev cai lij choj nyob rau ntau lub teb chaws hais txog kev ua haujlwm siab dua rau kev siv dej submersible.
Cov kws ua haujlwm cog qoob loo tau siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm siab thiab kev hloov pauv ceev kom txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov nqi khiav haujlwm. Lub IE3 lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau nkag mus rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv feem ntau txog li 250kW. ABB tau tshaj tawm nws lub cev muaj zog thiab tau tsim cov thev naus laus zis uas tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm kev ncaj qha ntawm kab (DOL) lub zog ceev ceev kom hloov pauv ceev, siv nws cov tsav. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Txo Cov ie3 motors hauv Is Nrias teb.Txhua daim ntawv thov lub cev muaj zog tsis raug rau kev tswj ceev. Cov tsav tshiab muaj tsawg kawg yog 10% ua haujlwm tau zoo dua li lawv cov qub qub thiab tau muab nrog kev txhim kho ntxiv kev tswj hwm thiab kev ua haujlwm synchronization. Cov thev naus laus zis yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo dua qub thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas ua kom zoo dua flux optimization kom cov motors khiav nrog lub zog sib txawv thiab thauj khoom ntawm cov twj centrifugal lossis kiv cua tsis khiav ntawm tag nrho lub zog thaum nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau.
Lub EU Commission Regulation (EC) No. 640/2009, Ecodesign Requirements for Electric Motors tau pib siv txij lub Rau Hli 2011. Cov kev cai no tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm tsawg kawg nkaus rau ntau hom peb-theem, qis-voltage hluav taws xob induction motors. Cov tiam tshiab lub cev muaj zog muaj ntau dua qhov pib tam sim no, uas yuav tsum muaj kev hloov pauv ntau dua thiab muaj peev xwm nqa tam sim no nyob deb tshaj tus qauv tam sim no IEC 60947. Qhov kev hloov no yuav raug tswj hwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntxiv hauv tus qauv tsav IEC 60034 thiab ntxiv ecodesign teg num yav tom ntej. . Kev hloov pauv tus cwj pwm hauv kev pib thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm IE2, IE3 thiab IE4 motors yog suav tias yog. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv hauv kev hwm ntawm kev ua thiab kev ua haujlwm tawg thiab kev ua kom ntev. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev siv tswv yim nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txhim kho cov tswv yim tsim, kev coj cwj pwm zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj. Daim ntawv no txiav txim siab txog kev ntsuas sib txawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev hloov kho tus cwj pwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg.
