Cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob los yog lub zog quab yuam (lub zog) npaj los txhawb nqa qee qhov txheej txheem sab nraud, xws li kiv cua lossis lub elevator. Ib lub cav hluav taws xob feem ntau yog tsim los rau kev sib hloov tas mus li, lossis rau kev txav txav hla qhov tseem ceeb piv rau nws qhov loj me. Sib nqus solenoids kuj tseem yog cov hloov pauv uas hloov hluav taws xob rau lub zog txav, tab sis tuaj yeem tsim cov lus tsa suab tsuas yog nyob nrug deb.
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li lwm tus thawj tswj hwm siv hauv kev lag luam thiab kev thauj mus los, lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv (ICE); Cov tshuab hluav taws xob feem ntau tshaj li 95% ua haujlwm tau zoo thaum ICEs qis dua 50%. Lawv kuj yog lub cev me me, lub cev me dua, yog cov tshuab yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua los tsim, tuaj yeem muab lub zog tam sim thiab zoo ib yam ntawm txhua qhov nrawm, tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv thiab tsis ua kom cov pa nkag mus rau hauv huab cua. Vim li no cov tshuab hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv kev sib txuas sab hauv hauv kev thauj mus los thiab kev lag luam, txawm hais tias lawv siv hauv tsheb yog tam sim no txwv los ntawm tus nqi siab thiab hnyav ntawm cov roj teeb uas tuaj yeem muab ntau yam txaus ntawm cov nqi.
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm peb lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub cev: hlau nplaum, electrostatics thiab piezoelectricity.
Hauv cov tshuab sib nqus, cov chaw sib nqus tau tsim hauv ob qho tib si rotor thiab stator. Cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm ob daim teb no ua rau muaj zog, thiab yog li lub zog ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Ib, lossis ob qho, ntawm cov haujlwm no yuav tsum hloov pauv nrog kev sib hloov ntawm lub rotor. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev hloov tus ncej rau thiab tawm ntawm lub sijhawm, lossis sib txawv lub zog ntawm tus ncej.
Cov hom tseem ceeb yog DC motors thiab AC motors, nrog rau tom kawg hloov qhov qub.
AC lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog xws li asynchronous lossis synchronous.
Thaum pib, lub tshuab synchronous xav tau synchrony nrog kev txav chaw sib nqus nrawm rau txhua qhov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj zog.
Hauv cov tshuab synchronous, qhov chaw sib nqus yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm lwm txoj kev uas tsis yog induction, xws li los ntawm kev sib cais zoo siab los yog cov hlau nplaum tas mus li.
Ib feem me me-lub zog qoj ib ce muaj qhov ntsuas qis dua li 1 lub zog (0.746 kW), lossis tsim tawm nrog tus qauv txheej txheem me dua li tus qauv 1 HP lub cev muaj zog. Ntau tsev neeg thiab cov tshuab tsim khoom lag luam yog nyob hauv chav kawm ib feem-horsepower.
Ib lub tshuab DC hloov pauv tau muaj teeb tsa ntawm qhov tig qhov txhab ntawm lub armature tau teeb tsa ntawm tus ncej tig. Lub taub hau tseem nqa tus neeg hloov pauv, lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv ntev uas hloov pauv qhov ntws tam sim no hauv lub rotor windings raws li lub taub hau tig. Yog li, txhua qhov txhuam DC lub cav muaj AC ntws los ntawm nws cov cua tig. Tam sim no ntws los ntawm ib lossis ntau tus txhuam txhuam uas dais ntawm tus neeg txav khoom; txhuam txhuam txuas ib qho chaw sab nraud ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob mus rau qhov kev sib tw armature.
Kev sib tw armature muaj ib los yog ntau qhov coils ntawm cov xov hlau nyob ib puag ncig laminated, magnetically "soft" ferromagnetic core. Tam sim no los ntawm cov txhuam txhuam ntws los ntawm tus neeg hloov pauv thiab ib txoj hlua ntawm lub armature, ua rau nws yog cov hlau nplaum ib ntus (lub tshuab hluav taws xob). Cov hlau nplaum tsim los ntawm lub armature sib cuam tshuam nrog cov chaw sib nqus nyob ruaj ruaj tsim los ntawm PMs lossis lwm qhov cua (lub voj voos), ua ib feem ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Lub zog nruab nrab ntawm ob qhov chaw sib nqus zoo li tig lub cev muaj zog. Tus neeg hloov pauv hloov lub zog rau cov coils raws li lub rotor tig, ua kom cov hlau nplaum sib nqus ntawm lub rotor los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke nrog cov hlau nplaum sib nqus ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, kom lub rotor tsis txhob tso tseg (zoo li lub koob txhaj tshuaj) tsuav yog siv lub zog.
Ntau qhov kev txwv ntawm kev hloov pauv qub DC lub cev yog vim xav tau txhuam kom nias tawm tsam tus neeg hloov pauv. Qhov no tsim kev sib txhuam. Cov nplaim hluav taws tau tsim los ntawm cov txhuam txhuam thiab ua hluav taws xob tawg los ntawm cov rotor coils raws li cov txhuam txhuam hla qhov thaiv qhov khoob ntawm cov ntu hloov chaw. Nyob ntawm tus tsim kev hloov pauv, qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog txhuam txhuam luv ua ke ntu uas nyob ib sab - thiab yog li cov hlua xaus - ib ntus thaum hla qhov khoob. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov inductance ntawm rotor coils ua rau qhov hluav taws xob hla txhua qhov nce thaum nws qhib lub Circuit Court, ua rau kom muaj qhov ci ntawm txhuam.
Qhov no ua rau muaj kev txwv qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub tshuab, vim qhov nrawm dhau yuav ua kom sov, yaig, lossis txawm tias ua rau lub tshuab hloov pauv. Tam sim no ntom ntom ib cheeb tsam ntawm cov txhuam, ua ke nrog lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv, txwv qhov tso tawm ntawm lub cav. Kev ua thiab tawg ntawm kev sib cuag hluav taws xob kuj tsim hluav taws xob nrov; sparking generates RFI. Txhuam txhuam thaum kawg hnav thiab yuav tsum tau hloov, thiab tus neeg hloov pauv nws tus kheej yuav tsum hnav thiab tu (ntawm lub cav loj) lossis hloov (ntawm lub cav me). Kev sib dhos sib dhos ntawm lub cav loj yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb, xav tau kev sib dhos kom raug ntawm ntau qhov. Ntawm lub cav me me, tus neeg hloov pauv feem ntau yog txuas mus tas li rau hauv lub rotor, yog li hloov nws feem ntau yuav tsum tau hloov tag nrho cov rotor.
